BUSINESS COMMUNICATION
AND
PASSIVE ACTIVE VOICE
ARRANGED BY :
INDAH NOVIA LESTARI
13216493
1EA26
BAHASA INGGRIS 2 SOFTSKILL
MUH. KHOLIQ
UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA
ATA 2016/2017
BUSINESS COMMUNICATION ARTICLE
Communication is neither the transmission of a message nor the message
itself. It is the mutual exchange of understanding, originating with the
receiver. Communication needs to be effective in business. Communication is
the essence of management. The basic functions of management (Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling) cannot be performed well without
effective communication.
Business
communication involves constant flow of information. Feedback is integral
part of business communication. Organizations these days are verly large and
involve large number of people. There are various levels of hierarchy in an
organization. Greater the number of levels, the more difficult is the job of
managing the organization. Communication here plays a very important role in
process of directing and controlling the people in the oragnization.
Immediate feedback can be obtained and misunderstandings if any can be
avoided. There should be effective communication between superiors and
subordinated in an organization, between organization and society at large
(for example between management and trade unions). It is essential for
success and growth of an organization. Communication gaps should not occur in
any organization.
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Business
Communication is goal oriented. The rules, regulations and policies of a
company have to be communicated to people within and outside the organization.
Business Communication is regulated by certain rules and norms. In early times,
business communication was limited to paper-work, telephone calls etc. But now
with advent of technology, we have cell phones, video conferencing, emails,
satellite communication to support business communication. Effective business
communication helps in building goodwill of an organization.
Business
Communication can be of two types:
- Oral Communication - An oral communication can be formal or informal. Generally business communication is a formal means of communication, like : meetings, interviews, group discussion, speeches etc. An example of Informal business communication would be - Grapevine.
- Written Communication - Written means of business communication includes - agenda, reports, manuals etc.
ACTIVE
AND PASSIVE VOICE
What Is Active Voice?
I'll
start with active voice because it's simpler. In an active sentence, the
subject is doing the action. A straightforward example is the sentence
"Steve loves Amy." Steve is the subject, and he is doing the action:
he loves Amy, the object of the sentence.
Another
example is the title of the Marvin Gaye song “I Heard It through the
Grapevine.” "I" is the subject, the one who is doing the action.
"I" is hearing "it," the object of the sentence.
What Is Passive Voice?
In
passive voice, the target of the action gets promoted to the subject position.
Instead of saying, "Steve loves Amy," I would say, "Amy is loved
by Steve." The subject of the sentence becomes Amy, but she isn't doing
anything. Rather, she is just the recipient of Steve's love. The focus of the
sentence has changed from Steve to Amy.
Active Voice
In active voice, the subject performs the action expressed by the verb:- The student wrote a song.
Passive Voice
In passive voice, the subject receives the action expressed by the verb:- A song was written by the student.
Forming Tenses of Passive Verbs
The passive voice always consists of two parts: a form of the verb "to be" + past participle:|
Tense
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Passive
voice form
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Present
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it is cleaned
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Past
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it was cleaned
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Future
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it will be cleaned
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Present perfect
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it has been cleaned
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Past perfect
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it had been cleaned
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Future perfect
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it will have been cleaned
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Uses of Passive Voice
Use the passive voice to:- Call attention to receiver of the action rather than the performer:
- The professor was hit by three snowballs.
- Point out the receiver of the action when performer is unknown or unimportant:
- A love letter was slipped under the door.
- The signs will be posted.
- Avoid calling attention to the performer of the action (known as the "institutional passive"):
- The fines will be collected on Monday.
Active and Passive Voice in Writing
The choice between using the active or passive voice in writing is a matter of style, not correctness. However, most handbooks recommend using active voice, which they describe as more natural, direct, lively, and succinct. The passive voice is considered wordy and weak (except when used in cases above). Examine the following examples.- weak, passive: The skater was slammed into the wall by Maria.
- strong, active: Maria slammed the skater into the wall.
- weak, passive: The book was enjoyed by me because the events of her childhood were described so well by the author.
- strong, active: I enjoyed the book because the author described the events of her childhood so well.
Hints for Identifying the Passive Voice
- An active verb may or may not have a direct object, but the passive verb almost never does.
- "It is...That" construction (It is clear that... It is noted...)
- Use of the verbs To Be, Make, or Have
- Passive: Your exits should be made quickly.
- Active: Leave quickly.
- Endings that turn verbs into abstract nouns: -ion,-ing,-ment:
- Passive: When application of force is used, the lid will open.
- Active: Apply force to open the lid.
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